Pacifier use and breastfeeding
"The Reading Room at Breastfeeding.com - here you will find the funniest and most touching stories from our moms, advice from world experts, and breastfeeding advocacy.. Pacifier use versus no pacifier use in breastfeeding term infants for increasing duration of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 3. Art. . "
Pacifier use is well established in developed societies, as calm a crying baby, helps sleep and reduces stress and pain unpleasant procedures.
Many health professionals and society at large think they are harmless and even beneficial and necessary for infant development. Their use is controversial among professionals who recommend or discourage their use based on personal experiences sometimes and not always in evidence.
However, its use has been associated with shortening of breastfeeding and breastfeeding difficulties. Other benefits of pacifier, well studied and proven, are related to its analgesic effect and with the encouragement of non-nutritive sucking in preterm infants at term.
The debate over its use or not is currently a subject of controversy but it is important that health professionals and parents know the risks and benefits of pacifier use in relation to breastfeeding.
Review of evidence: pacifier use and breastfeeding
Breast milk is the food of choice for human infants, exclusively during the first 6 months and with other (complementary) to 2 years or more, according to each mother and child wish.
Among the factors that traditionally are considered harmful to breastfeeding is the pacifier. This situation is reflected in the step 9 of the Initiative Baby Friendly Hospital, which states “Do not give to children breast-fed artificial teats or pacifiers.”
They have alleged several theories to explain the association between pacifier use and negative outcomes regarding breastfeeding. Some believe that by satisfying the need to suck the pacifier, decreasing stimulation and emptying of the breast, leading to a decrease in milk production which could lead to early weaning.
Other authors found an association with increased difficulties in the attachment and alterations in the suction device: the so-called “syndrome of confusion” 3 and, finally, some authors like Kramer 4 speculate that pacifier use is not true weaning but because it is a marker of breastfeeding difficulties or a lack of motivation to breastfeed.
The paper on scientific evidence of the 10 steps referred to observational studies that demonstrate a strong association between pacifier use and early cessation of breastfeeding.
Some experts have observed a dose-response relationship in the sense that greater use of pacifiers shorter duration of breastfeeding.
Many health professionals and society at large think they are harmless and even beneficial and necessary for infant development. Their use is controversial among professionals who recommend or discourage their use based on personal experiences sometimes and not always in evidence.
However, its use has been associated with shortening of breastfeeding and breastfeeding difficulties. Other benefits of pacifier, well studied and proven, are related to its analgesic effect and with the encouragement of non-nutritive sucking in preterm infants at term.
The debate over its use or not is currently a subject of controversy but it is important that health professionals and parents know the risks and benefits of pacifier use in relation to breastfeeding.
Review of evidence: pacifier use and breastfeeding
Breast milk is the food of choice for human infants, exclusively during the first 6 months and with other (complementary) to 2 years or more, according to each mother and child wish.
Among the factors that traditionally are considered harmful to breastfeeding is the pacifier. This situation is reflected in the step 9 of the Initiative Baby Friendly Hospital, which states “Do not give to children breast-fed artificial teats or pacifiers.”
They have alleged several theories to explain the association between pacifier use and negative outcomes regarding breastfeeding. Some believe that by satisfying the need to suck the pacifier, decreasing stimulation and emptying of the breast, leading to a decrease in milk production which could lead to early weaning.
Other authors found an association with increased difficulties in the attachment and alterations in the suction device: the so-called “syndrome of confusion” 3 and, finally, some authors like Kramer 4 speculate that pacifier use is not true weaning but because it is a marker of breastfeeding difficulties or a lack of motivation to breastfeed.
The paper on scientific evidence of the 10 steps referred to observational studies that demonstrate a strong association between pacifier use and early cessation of breastfeeding.
Some experts have observed a dose-response relationship in the sense that greater use of pacifiers shorter duration of breastfeeding.
Search Suggestion for Pacifier use and breastfeeding
journal of human lactation
International Child Care Practices Study: Breastfeeding and Pacifier Use feeding infants, both breastfeeding and pacifier use may protect against sudden infant death .
http://www.sids.org.ar/pdf/breastfeeding%20and%20pacifier%20use.pdf
fitzgerald health education associates, inc
In the non-breastfeeding newborn the pacifier should be initiated from birth at sleep times. that supports decreased duration of breastfeeding associated with pacifier use. .
http://fhea.com/breastfeeding/bf9.shtml
associations of pacifier use, digit sucking, and child care
Associations of pacifier use, digit sucking, and child care CONCLUSIONS: Pacifier use and digit sucking were associated with cessation of breastfeeding, with results .
http://www.jfponline.com/pages.asp?aid=1191&UID=
suidsids resource center pacifiers and sids
Early childhood pacifier use in relation to breastfeeding, SIDS, infection and dental International Child Care Practices study: Breastfeeding and pacifier use. .
http://www.sidscenter.org/TopicalBib/Pacifiers.html
do pacifiers interfere with breastfeeding success?
Data are mixed on whether pacifier use affects breastfeeding. In 2005 and 2006, 1021 infants were enrolled (528 assigned to pacifier use group) .
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/711283
the breastfeeding couple pacifiers and breastfeeding
Is the use of pacifiers harmful to breastfeeding? A number of studies of mothers and Daily pacifier use starting before 4-6 weeks of age was associated .
http://www.breastfeedingbasics.org/cgi-bin/deliver.cgi/content/Normal/pacifiers.html
pacifier use could prevent proper breastfeeding health news
To look into the connection between breastfeeding and pacifier use, the researchers used nurses specially educated in breastfeeding advice. .
http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1654906/pacifier_use_could_prevent_proper_breastfeeding/index.html
breastfeeding and pacifier use in brazil
Main exposures were pacifier use at 1st and 6th month of age. CONCLUSION: Pacifier use was associated with the early termination of breast-feeding in .
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15812114
early pacifier use linked to shorter breastfeeding reuters
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Mothers who want to breastfeed their baby successfully may want to hold off on giving their infant a pacifier, new research from Denmark .
http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/03/16/health-us-early-breastfeeding-idUKTRE52F51N20090316
does the recommendation to use a pacifier influence the
the frequency of exclusive and any breastfeeding at different ages or in the duration of lactation. Because paci?er use is associated with reduced incidence of sudden .
http://www.sids.org.ar/pdf/j%20pediatr%202009%20may%2022%20Jenik%20A.pdf
