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lthough bariatric weight loss surgery (or stomach surgery) is a way to lose a lot of weight and thereby improve the health and well-being of the person obese, the procedure involves substantial risks and requires a commitment to life changes behaviour.An article in the Harvard Mental Health Letter develops this theme in discussing the fact that people eligible for such weight loss surgery often have a history of mental health problems or eating disorders.
The authors argue that the preparation from the viewpoint of mental health and monitoring are essential to post positive results in the long term.
The psychological aspects of weight loss surgery are less well known than the physical risks and benefits. Although, according to the authors, usually associated with mental health and quality of life improved, psychological and behavioural changes are less predictable than physical changes.
The article notes that mood disorders such as depression and anxiety affect many people eligible for bariatric weight loss surgery. The weight loss following surgery generally improves mood, at least initially.
In research, scores on scales of depression and anxiety were reduced one year after surgery, but tended to be higher 2 or 4 years later. And some research has shown suicide rate higher than expected among people who have undergone such an operation.
Eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder, affecting several people considering weight loss surgery. A highly controversial theory, not proven, is that weight loss surgery may lead some people to lose weight but to transfer their addiction to food to other harmful addictions.
Surgery can also change the rate of absorption of alcohol, which may increase the risk of dependence in people who already have a vulnerability.
All these factors underline the need for mental health treatment before and after weight loss surgery, according to the article.
The surgery to counter obesity are reserved for people whose body mass index exceeds 40, sometimes 35 in case of serious complications threatening health.
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